Q. Marvell’s poem “To His Coy Mistress” Essay

â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† is primarily the author, Andrew Marvell, trying to convince and seduce â€Å"his coy mistress†, into having intimate relations with him. The poem has three stanzas; each with a different purpose: the first stanza gently and subtly flatters his mistress, using positive diction and images to show, how Marvell wishes he could love her for all of eternity; the second stanza, however, uses imagery to show how time is moving fast and also, strongly negative diction and images to show how life must be lived happily, for there is no chance to after death; the last stanza, the conclusion of the poem, uses quite sexual images to tell his mistress, that because time is limited, they should make the most of it, and enjoy life’s intimate pleasures together. Imagery and diction have been used effectively throughout the poem, to achieve the author’s purpose, of seducing this lady. The author also conveys a theme throughout the poem; life is sho rt, your time on earth is limited, and therefore we must make the most of life’s pleasures while we still can. In the first stanza, imagery and diction, flatters this lady, Andrew Marvell wishes to seduce, and depicts his great and ever-growing love for her. Marvell begins by describing how ideally he would have â€Å"world enough and time† to love this lady. They would â€Å"sit down, and think which way to walk and pass [their] long love’s day.† Imagery shows them taking their love very slowly. This image is created by diction with relaxed and slow connotations, such as â€Å"sit down†, and â€Å"walk.† The diction within that line, also creates alliteration, â€Å"which way to walk†, and also, â€Å"long love’s day;† this alliteration, and the long vowel sounds in â€Å"way†, â€Å"walk†, and â€Å"long†, creates a slow and steady rhythm, and a relaxed mood and tone to the stanza, which allows the author to convey to â€Å"his mistress† that he wishes they could take their love slowly and steadily. Later on in the stanza, he uses diction to create images, to flatter â€Å"his mistress.† â€Å"Thou by the Indian Ganges’ side shouldst rubies find; I by the tide of the Humber would complain.† The imagery shows how he sees his mistress as exotic, by comparing her to the Indian Ganges’, which at that time, was an faraway and exotic place; while, comparing himself with â€Å"the  Humber†, he views himself as ordinary, compared to her. The effect is that it fulfils the author’s purpose for it, which was to flatter this lady. The diction also helps him achieve this, â€Å"shouldst rubies find†; rubies are precious and beautiful, and by using this diction, he again flatters her, by describing how beautiful and precious she is to him. In the first stanza the author has used diction and imagery effectively to create a relaxed and easy mood and tone, to show how the author wishes he can just slowly and eternally love this woman; a â€Å"state† which she â€Å"deserves.† He also achieves his purpose of gracefully complementing this lady on her beauty, in more ways than physically. In the next stanza, Marvell uses diction and imagery to show how there is nothing to be enjoyed in the eternity of death, and how death is a lonely place, therefore another person’s love must be experienced during life. He tells us that â€Å"at [his] back [he] always hears Time’s wingà ¨d chariot hurrying near.† â€Å"Winged†: this diction gives us an impression that the â€Å"chariot† is quick, and therefore the imagery, created by the personification of â€Å"Time†, shows that time travels quickly; life is short. â€Å"Yonder before us lie deserts of vast eternity.† I believe the â€Å"deserts of vast eternity† metaphorically symbolises death. â€Å"Deserts† suggests lifeless, desolate; while â€Å"vast eternity† uses long vowels sounds in â€Å"vast†, combined with the ‘e’ sound being repeated and carried on at the end, in â€Å"eternity†. The combined effect of the diction: an image, showing the boring, lifelessness of death. This is summed up at the end of the stanza: â€Å"the grave’s a fine and private place, but none, I think, do there embrace:† love and its pleasures may only be experience during life. He also tries to convince â€Å"his mistress†, that keeping her virginity, is a silly thing to do. Marvell refers to â€Å"long preserved virginity† as a â€Å"quaint honour†; the choice of diction, by using quaint, shows the author’s negative tone towards keeping your â€Å"virginity†: it is too old-fashioned, odd, and somewhat of a joke. The diction and imagery in this paragraph show us that life must be enjoyed, for such pleasures do not exist after death. In the last paragraph, Marvell, uses sexual, passionate diction and imagery  to show that to enjoy life to the fullest, they must have intimate relations together. â€Å"Now therefore, while the youthful hue sit on the skin like morning dew, and while thy willing soul transpires at every pore with instant fires†; the simile creates an image, showing us that this lady is physically young, and the metaphor shows us that she is either blushing, or seems to be very excited, or both. Marvell uses this imagery to subtly tell this young woman, that it is obvious, she wants the same as him. â€Å"Now let us sport us while we may, and now like amorous birds of prey†; the diction, amorous, has very passionate connotations, even more so than love, and the simile, like birds of prey, suggests a physical side of love, and creates an image of a fearless bird, diving as soon as it sees a chance for kill; therefore the image shows us, that while we are able to, we must make the most of the physical and passionate pleasures of life, without too much concern, and also most importantly, as soon as we may. The tone and mood, created by the diction and images, in the paragraph is very positive, and passionate, and its purpose is to convince â€Å"his mistress† that what he is suggesting, is the right thing to do, and to do so without any worries, and as soon as possible. We must enjoy the pleasures of life, while we may, for that is impossible after death. Andrew Marvell effectively uses diction and imagery throughout this poem, to convince and seduce a young lady, into having physical relations with him. He uses diction and imagery in the first paragraph, showing how, greatly he loves her, and how willing he is to only love in a non-physical way, till the â€Å"last age† had they all of eternity. However, in the second paragraph, negative diction and images, show us that time is limited, and the pleasures of life, cannot be found in after death; therefore we must enjoy them while we live. The third and final paragraph, is the conclusion to Marvell’s argument; he uses passion filled images and diction, to show that they should therefore engage in a physical and intimate relationship, for this maybe the only opportunity they ever get. A theme conveyed is that we must enjoy all of life’s pleasures, for we only get one chance to live.

Essay on the Concept of Power

Nertile Latifi and Brikena Sela Julie Kolgjini Writing Seminar 0502-227 October 07, 2008 What is power, and how does it present itself in our lives? We know for certain that it proves as the one thing that either keeps people together, makes them revolt, or changes history overall. But what is it really? Is it the ability to do or act, or is it political/national strength? Does it always have to be represented by a person in charge? Or is it just something in our minds that has the possession to control our influence. There are so many meanings behind this short yet ‘powerful’ word, such as that which is discussed in Orwell’s Animal Farm, and that which is part of human nature. To begin with, various resources provide different illustrations of power. Reading George Orwell’s Animal Farm, it gives us the view of power in a form of an animal representing us humans. A short summary of the book is that of how one animal, a pig, in the whole bunch has the courage to stand up and feed the other animals with brainwashing information. He begins with things that amuse the group which was mainly equality for all. Since the farmer was in charge of the animals’ lives, the pig reaches out to them in their weakest point by promising them freedom and equality. The pig does this only so the others will agree with every other decision he makes. Time after time, he slowly changes the rules here and there, still pretending to be egalitarian. The rest of the animals are so convinced that they are being led towards the right path from the beginning, they never stop to analyze what they were actually doing, which was whatever they were told by the pig. Eventually they are brought back to the same position by their own kind, as they had been in the beginning by the farmer: following the dictates of a single individual. Thus, according to Animal Farm, we come to understand that power is simply something that is passed on in life. In the story, it was the one thing that kept the animals together doing whatever they were told. If any animal became somewhat suspicious of someone daring to stand up to the leader, they were thrown out immediately. Yet, from the reader’s point of view, it is what causes mayhem in our minds to know that we, as people, are fooled the same way by everyday things. You realize how brainwashing is used and devoured by those who don’t contemplate the consequences of authoritarian regimes. Now, if we â€Å"zoom in† to the big picture, power has a role in each tiny event of our daily lives. Every one of us wants and needs power to show our importance and presence. It is our egos drug. It begins very early in our childhood, when we first start to explore the limit of our power. A little child crying very loudly, for example, waits to see when mom or dad lose their patience and say stop or no. Until then it is not going to stop crying, which shows how we use our power, even if it’s only for some more candy. Later on, that child, lets name her Visvira (which in Latin stands for power), is going to build friendships with other children. Even in the Sandbox there is a hierarchy. Everyone has his/her role; the stronger children like Visvira, who maybe have a lot of power at home, will most likely use it in relation with other children too, and are the unofficial leaders of the whole bunch. It doesn’t even have to be a bunch. In many cases of a friendship of two people, one is always more powerful than the other and time and again it shows, for example, when telling his/her weaker friend what to do. Power rules the world, and as said before it starts with every one of us. We all have the need for power, beginning with the power of controlling ourselves. Visvira is going to grow up, and have many arguments with her parents, which mostly start because she wants more power for herself. She wants to decide more on her own, and her parents are often afraid of giving her too much power. When Visvira has collected that much knowledge to know that it’s not always best to decide everything on her own, she is called an adult. In adulthood power still shows, but differs from the naive use in childhood. Adulthood power is weighed more definite. Visvira is in her first real relationship where she just started to go out with her new boyfriend. From the first day on, each side shows indirectly his and her strengths and powers. What they’ve learned until now is that one always has to give in, if it’s worth the sacrifice. Visvira’s boyfriend for example learned this earlier in his teenage-years, and decided to be the weaker one, who’d rather do what the powerful tell them to, than risk on his own. Hence, Visvira turns out to be dominant in the relationship. She decides what they’re going to do, when, and why. Visvira got so good in using her power it’s even helping in her career. The power she has at home with her family and with her boyfriend gives her confidence and strengthens her so much, that she’s not afraid of being dismissed when coming up with new ideas. After Visvira and her boyfriend move in and get married, she even makes more money than him, which presents another big presence of power. Her life goes on like this when they have children too. She keeps on making the decisions because she wears the pants in the family. But as her children grow up, guess what they’re going to do? Like their mother, they’re going to fight for their own power, and Visvira gets to her last part of life: â€Å"Senior-hood†. She knows now, she isn’t the boss anymore, but the power she lost is given to her back in love and respect. â€Å"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others (Orwell 133). As the most influential quote in the entire book, it shows the reality of by what rules our world operates. Orwell is known as an author who tries hard to show readers his view on society and how easily fooled it becomes when there is only one individual in power. From both our examples, we came to an agreement th at our definition of power is when one is able to control your influence so much, you are bound to believe whatever he or she says, even that â€Å"2+2=5. † Work Cited Orwell, George. Animal Farm. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company Inc. 1946. Orwell, George. 1984. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1949.

Should sick people pay more for health insurance Research Paper

Should sick people pay more for health insurance - Research Paper Example However, I do not think sick people should pay more for health insurance. This is because doing so would create several ethical issues that may in turn lead to crisis. It is worth noting that the value of life cannot be quantified by money. Making sick people to pay more for health insurance would create some shadow of discrimination amongst the people in the society. The feeling of not being wanted would set in the sick. Surely the sick need the support of the society to keep them psychological and emotionally strong. They need this support more than the healthy. When such a thing happens, we would be killing these people by making demanding much from them instead of supporting them. Besides, sickness is not a permanent condition thus it is wrong to assume that if someone is sick today, then they will be sick tomorrow. It is therefore unnecessary to make people pay more when their conditions are not permanent. It will therefore inhuman to subject the sick in more expenses when they need our

Global Energy Consumption and the Forecasted Essay

Global Energy Consumption and the Forecasted - Essay Example This discussion stresses that  there are different sources of energy used globally including coal, natural gas, petroleum, nuclear, hydropower, and non-hydropower renewable.  This study declares that  energy is important to the world, as human beings require energy at home, work, and church or in school.  In the United States alone, buildings consume up to three quarters of electricity in the country; and as a result, huge amount of energy is consumed on daily basis. Generally, energy consumption of a country is determined by its population, such that, the higher the population, the higher the energy consumption. The world suffered recession between 2008 and 2009, and has thereafter experienced slow growth, while the levels of unemployment continue to grow. The increase in oil prices in 2010 created uncertainty in the energy sector. In addition, the earthquake and Tsunami that hit Japan affected the source of nuclear power; all these factors have led to an increase in the glo bal consumption of energy from fuel. Therefore, fossil fuels are being relied on in the supply of energy used globally, while liquid fuels are the largest source of energy globally. According to independent analysis & statistics, the energy consumption is expected to fall from 34% 2008 to 29 percent in 2035.  The world’s energy consumption in 2010 grew by 5.6%, as China energy consumption grew by 11%, hence exceeding that of the United States.

Argument for people to use recreational drugs in the 1960 is danger Essay

Argument for people to use recreational drugs in the 1960 is danger - Essay Example The emergence of a recreational drug culture in the 1960s can be argued both for and against. While some arguments will support the 1960s experience, others will dispute all the undertakings that were related to the drug use practices. At the most outright aspect, drug use at a personal level increased significantly in the 1960s. Although the 1960s numbers can hardly match the level of drug use today, the drug culture emergence at the time was critical. Individual recreational drug users were looking for ways to pass time in a manner that was characterized by an activity that they did not undertake more often. Due to the emergence of a drug use wave at the time, many individuals were caught up in the wave. They got into drugs for personal reasons that related to the need for recreational experiences. In this respect, use of drugs was deemed to be a way through which relaxation was achieved since individuals engaged in an actual form of activity. Outside the recreational experience factor, other users got into recreational drug use out of peer influence. An association was being made in relation to drug use, thereby luring peers into the need for association. If one was to associate with his/her peers who used drugs, then it would be hardly unavoidable for this individual not to engage in drug use. Influential forces, therefore, acted upon different people at different times across the 1960s, resulting in an increase in the number of recreational drug users. Years in the 1960s were characterized by a rising notion of a countercultural society (Siegel 7). At the same time, the position of recreational drugs had gained high stakes in the society. Social and cultural uncertainty was looming, and populations were increasingly becoming unruly. As a result, a society that was deeply rooted in the use of recreational drugs was in the making. This realization had considerable impacts to individuals

Housing and Kitchen Reform in the Post-War Era Research Paper

Housing and Kitchen Reform in the Post-War Era - Research Paper Example Political ideologies determined the kind of domestic life that people adopted. This paper will discuss how these ideologies affected the reform in architecture and design. Great Kitchen Debate The great kitchen debate happened in 1959 in a Moscow exhibition. The debate erupted as Nixon guided Khrushchev through the half kitchen in the exhibition1. After the Russian leader caught sight of the newest model of the American kitchen, he reacted in disregard of the capitalist luxury portrayed in the architectural design of the kitchen in the subject (Figure 1). Nixon tried to highlight the fact that the kitchen was a model that featured the essence of giving women easier work in the kitchen. In order to ascertain the logic behind the debate, there is a justification of examining architecture of the kitchen in question2. The Evolution of the Kitchen in America in the Post War Period After the Second World War, every American wanted to own a house. At this time, multiple slums offered inadeq uate space insufficient space. In a bid to solve this problem, modernism in architecture resulted. There proved to be a dire need of providing people with sufficiency and convenience in their houses. This need led to the innovation of architectural design. ... The process involved evolution of the kitchen architectural space into an organization that symbolized consumption and hygiene. According to the streamlining ideology, the kitchen adopted a linear sequence that had gained popularity in America’s industrial setting (Figure 2). The sequence was a symbol of the active flow of activity in the kitchen, analogous to the real picture in the industrial setting. The kitchen portrayed the highest reflection of the rampant technological advances during that period3. In addition, it served as a bookmark of the American values and consumer habits. The materials used in the kitchen floors, walls, and appliances were an indication of the latest innovations in the American society. Streamlining of the kitchen involved effective use of the available space. Usually, cabinets assumed a linear arrangement. In addition, architecture in the post war period had aspects of the ease with which Americans had started taking life. Architecture of the Pos t War Kitchen The post war kitchen had a sink beneath the window and consisted of inbuilt-wall to wall cabinets. The ‘kitchen work triangle ‘concept of designing a kitchen in the new era took its roots. The guidelines for designing an effective kitchen in the 1950s demanded that the door should have a door that presents the kitchen with a clear opening. In addition, the door should allow should not cause a distraction to the functioning of any of the appliances. The design and position of the inbuilt cabinets should leave free space for operations. The free space, commonly designated as the triangle working area, had set dimensions. In essence, the total distance travelled in the work area could not exceed 26† (Figure 3). The work triangle resulted from

MKTG Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

MKTG - Essay Example The leadership initiatives of the organization have helped promote confidence building and strengthen interpersonal understanding with the group, within the organization. The management also organizes neutral platform for the involved parties where they are able to thrash out their differences. The neutral platform often helps to resolve workplace conflicts. But the most important tool is effective communication. It not only resolves the conflicting interests of the employees but it also helps to inculcate better understanding among the workers. It has also facilitated in creating congenial work environment that motivates others to improve their performance and achieve organization’s goals with more commitment and enthusiasm. But at the same time, I have realized that it is the inherent talent and workplace diplomacy that needs to be used for optimal productivity and performance. Effective communication infuses workplace security and enhances their

Company Report (on KPMG) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Company Report (on KPMG) - Coursework Example After the merge, there were disagreements on the name of the firm but in 1990 it was agreed to name the firm as KPMG Peat Marwick McLintock. This name was changed later in 1991 to KPMG Peat Marwick and remained so up to 1999 when the name was reduced to KPMG. The company has presence in various countries in the world. Every national KPMG firm is a separate independent legal entity and is a member of KPMG international cooperative (KPMG PEAT MARWICK, 1980). KPMG offers its services to various markets and industries. Its markets are classified into financial services; where advisory services are offered. It majors in capital management, credit crisis and balance sheet management. Second are Consumer and Industrial Markets; the company works in helping industries to solve challenges associated with changing business and industrial environment. Information, communications and entertainment marker is another great sector. The rapid changes in these sectors require rapid response. As a result, KPMG offer adequate advisory services on ways to cope with these changes. Governments provide the other market (KPMG, 1998). Every government in the globe works toward spurring economic growth. The company provides financial advice, performance improvement and programme management services to governments. KPMG is an international company with its international headquarters in Amstelveen, Netherlands. It has branches in various countries with more than 156 countries around the globe. The company’s global employee’s number total to more than 152000 exceptional professionals. The company’s chairman is in Hong Kong. KPMG offers various products to its clients. First, is auditing services; it offers auditing services to various companies over the globe. They provide audited financial reports and other attestations reports. Second are taxation services; in the current economic world companies outsource taxation services.

Applying Organizational Theory with Communications Essay

Applying Organizational Theory with Communications - Essay Example The marketing will be difficult; she thinks internet can be used for this purpose. Randy Miles, a board member, totally disagrees with this solution. He suggests cutbacks; even that is not a good practice. Since so much hiring have been done in few years, there was a long debate between two of them. Voting was done and members preferred Elizabeth decision. The theory of group think is a key point to resolve many conflicts. There are many alternate decisions but businesses need a perfect one which is preferred by everyone. The preference can be given with the help of voting. After choosing the selected path to follow the issues still reside. Everyone does not agree with the single decision to same degree. Different suggestions can create conflicting situation. Risk factor is also important which is associated with every decision. Such situation must be handled with care and proper justification. Everyone who is representing an idea must give satisfactory justification and possible solution as well as providing a strategy that how to implement such solution. List of resources required and the budget requirement must be realistic. Unity and agreement to go ahead with a particular decision must be the first priority. Now consider the given scenario. Like in the case of Elizabeth and Randy Miles; when Randy Miles came to know that his suggestion is no longer accepted, he leaves the room. This is first stage of conflict. The solution of this is to give proper justification and to unite everyone on single decision. Tina’s point of view is also right that there is lack of financial expertise, and more people are required. Only two people are making decision for this company. The lack of financial expertise is reflected in the lack of expert human resource. The mind of decision maker must be fresh otherwise frustration can lead it up to wrong decision. The meeting was continued for five hours. Another meeting must be conducted to give

Is Money Evil Essay Example for Free

Is Money Evil Essay Most people have heard of the phrase â€Å"Money is the root of all evil†. Often people will think this phrase is not true. In this society, everybody needs money to survive. Money rules over everything. Without it, you cannot purchase anything at all. So how can money be the root of all evil when life would be miserable without money? With money, you can support your family members, help friends with income problems or even donating to the needy people and have a higher standard of living. So the more money you have, the more you make your world a better place to live. However, for every advantage, disadvantages will also apply. The same goes for money, when there are benefits but there will also be setbacks. So then starts the origin of the phrase â€Å"Money is the root of all evil†. People can get so obsessed with money so much so that their character changes. A father can resort to violence to his family members, causing disputes resulting in his family to be broken due to financial problems. Because of money obsession, friends often betray one another over small money issues. When a person is overwhelmed by money, he tends to be greedy and chooses to rather lose his dignity over money. In the world today, there are many increasingly reported cases of theft, robbery and even murder cases due to money disputes as well as reports of siblings fighting against each other for their father’s inheritance. There are also cases whereby people murdered their love ones to claim the insurance money and also cases of people being cheated and conned out of money. There are also cases of kidnapping as well, kidnappers will then blackmail the victim’s family. Because of the greediness in people, money became a temptation on why people get addicted into gambling. Buying lottery, betting on horse racing and football matches, getting into the casino is all for the purpose of thinking to make lots of money in just a matter of time. In the hope of making big money, gamble addicts put all their money on stake. Most of them ended up losing all their savings and therefore they went to borrow more money from creditors to continue their habit of gambling. Instead of winning back their savings, they will probably lose all their money they had borrowed and ended up in more debts. Some were even pushed to the edge and committed suicide. Money is so tempting that people are willing to do anything for it. Some women are even willing to go into prostitution just to earn money for materialistic goods. Corrupted officials took bribes, using money in exchange for unfair advantages. People as young as in their teens would steal goods and trade them for money. Just think of how people are willing to risk their lives and ruin their future for the sake of having more money in their hands. The influence of money is so great that it affects everybody, even children as young as ten years old. There are reports in schools whereby school bullies exhorted money from their school mates, threatening to hurt them if they do not comply. Cases of theft within the family are also largely increasing due to the influence of money. Teenagers stole money from their parents to purchase materialistic items to suit their own needs. Money is so important to people that they can even neglect their own families. A father had to work hard outside to earn more money and seldom have the time to spend with his wife and children. Eventually, his wife and children would only see him as someone who provides money and hence there would not be any strong bonding between them. Money revolves around the world. The phrase â€Å"money is the root of all evil† meant that money issues is the main cause of the many problems faced in life. If you let the money take control of you, you would be obsessed with it and think that your money is never enough. It influences people generations by generations and can cause one to lose his conscience and humanity. Money is the one that manifests the evil in people hearts. So therefore shows why money is the root of all evil.

Johnson and Johnson Company Analysis

Johnson and Johnson Company Analysis This assignment is on the company called Johnson and Johnson. I have collected marketing information of this company as my topic is marketing research on Johnson and Johnson. I have covered marketing strategy, product strategy, product innovation. Also I have mentioned a case study of Brystol-Myers and explained it in this assignment below. Johnson and Johnson company sponsors brands for women health care child health care etc. This brand is most popular in child health care segment. Mothers fist choice is Johnson and Johnson for her babys health. Their products are uninfected to babys skin. Now Johnson and Johnson company has started giving babys products in a kit so that all the useful products for a baby can be available in one kit only. In this assignment I have also done company analysis as what is the condition and position is in market. SWOT analysis is also been covered. Johnson and Johnson company help mothers and infant survive childbirth and analyze their own products that how they are making the differences in the peoples lives. Johnson  Ã‚  Johnson and its many operating companies support community-based programs that improve health and well-being. The companys desire to make people healthier and safer, this is included in companys giving. JJ Corporation has a very good perception of India. This has been supported by good results in the country. JJ is also exploring the opportunities for setting up BPO operations in the country. Introduction Johnson Johnson was founded on more than 120 years ago on a radical idea. It provides medical diagnostic sections which offer surgical equipment orthopedic products, monitoring devices and contact lenses. The team brought the new ideas products that can transform human health and well being to use the hygienic sutures, dressings and bandages to pleasure peoples wounds. They have grown to meet worldwide since 1886. Because of the mergers, the formation of new companies and acquisitions, they are now worlds largest and most largely based health care company. In the consumer sections they manufactures markets a high range of products used in baby care, child care, skin care, oral and womens health care fields. The medical diagnosis sections cover products utilized by or under the direction of physicians, nurses, hospitals and clinics. It is a company of continuing strength. Its products, services, ideas are giving the touch to the lives of billions of people every day. They like to share small stories of the people and they have also introduced new ideas their passion and stories and introduced stands a team of people. Johnson and Johnson cares the world however one person at a time this inspires and unites the people of this company. JJ had worldwide pharmaceutical sales of $24.6 billion for the full-year 2008. Robert Wood Johnson served as the first president of the company. Upon his death in 1910, he was succeeded in the presidency by his brother James Wood Johnson until 1932, and then by his son,  Robert Wood Johnson II. CEO of Johnson and Johnson is William C. Weldon. Literature Review (Johnson and Johnson) Marketing is the process that creates interest among customers in goods or services. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication and business developments. It is a process by which companies build strong customer relations and create questionable value for their customers and for themselves. ^  a  b  Kotler, Philip;  Gary Armstrong,  Veronica Wong,  John Saunders  (2008).   Marketing is basically used to make out the customer, to convince the customer, and to keep the customer. The marketing concept id to achieve organizational goals depends upon knowing the needs and satisfying the customer needs and also delivering the4 desired satisfactions. Marketing strategy means to allow an organization to focus on its related resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive benefit. The strategy is centered on the key concept that the main goal is customer satisfaction. 4Ps of Marketing Product   Mass is produced on a large scale as intangible service or tangible object with a specific volume of units. Service based products are intangible products like tourism industry and hotel industry or codes based products like cellphone load and credits. Examples of tangible object are motor car and the disposable razor. Packaging also needs to be considered. Price   The price is the amount paid by the customer for a product. It is firmed by a number of factors including market share, competition, material costs, product identity and the customers perceived value of the product. If other stores have the same product the prices may be fluctuated in the business. Place   Place represents the location where a product can be purchased. It is also known as the distribution channel. Any physical store as well as virtual stores can be included on the Internet. Promotion  -May be used by the marketer in the marketplace as represents all of the communications. Promotion has four distinct elements: advertising, public relations, idle talk and point of sale. When promotion uses the four principal elements jointly, which is common in film promotion, a certain amount of crossover occurs. Case Overview (Block Marketing Strategy) Johnson Johnsons well-executed competitive intelligence (CI) strategy and following marketing defensive block against Bristol-Myers during Tylenol Datril argument on the market is considered as a typical example of the CI effective use. Bristol-Myers has not executed any kind of counterintelligence strategy, as a result the company failed to notice the Johnson Johnsons competitive intelligence activities. Then James Burke, a President of Johnson Johnson Domestic Operations, called Chairman Richard Sellars and convinced him that emergency defense block marketing strategy should be executed. It was discussed to slice Tylenols price immediately to match Datrils contributions (Hoovers, 2008). Johnson Johnson announced dipping the retail price of Tylenol by 30% 2 weeks before. Johnson Johnson Strategies Product Strategy To improve the quality of your everyday life Products from our Consumer companies stand at the ready. We present products and information targeting baby care, oral care, nutritionals, pain relief, topical care, skin and hair care and much more. Within the Consumer business franchise they create a meaningful innovation in healthcare which relies on a research strategy equally entrenched in technology and consumer insights, in maintaining with our vision: BRINGING SCIENCE TO THE ART OF HEALTHY LIVING. Marketing Strategy Sell skin care products for mothers the worlds over which are of trusted brands. Johnson and Johnson able to address all of the different segments within the market, because each segment is different in terms of its users and equipment, its products are helpful to all of the different segments. Brand Values- Vision Mission of Johnson and Johnson is that this is a global company, to provide scientifically sound is the fundamental objective high quality products and high standard of living. To provide a baby healthy life right from the start. Understanding mothers babys balanced emotional needs, so that every mother and baby can be a Johnsons mother or Johnsons baby. It also recognizes the weight of healthcare professionals. To enhance the position and facilitate the special connection between a mother and her baby product attributes. The following steps done: Given utmost importance to safety, comfort, and gentleness. It is clinically proven that Johnson and Johnson brand is a Seal of Mildness. Source : The Hindu Business Line, June 19,2009 Product Innovation Make products as per the needs of the customers. Customized baby oil as per Indian consumers requirements. As per Indian preference providing fragrances in soaps / powder etc. Pricing Promotional Pricing Strategy Advertising On parity with competition Johnson and Johnson tries to bring new products in a new market so that their marketing doesnt leave the race. For economic value determining the products or services. Creation of tiered offerings to drive growth and margin. Using price analytics to identify opportunities for policy and process change. Managing negotiations to avoid the price trap. SWOT Analysis Company Analysis The success of Johnson and Johnson in blocking the Bristol-Myers product Datrils penetration on the numbing market and extending its own brand reputation in the market can be attributed to the following factors: To develop effective defense strategy Johnson Johnson had a capability to learn its rivals plan and also planned well-positioned competitive intelligence program. Johnson Johnson management faced problems in decreasing the Tylenols prices however since in the course of the conflict the company lost millions in profits. However, on long run, this change made capture major market share and to turn into a biggest player on the market. As Johnson and Johnson could not anticipate so fast this was one of the reasons that Bristol Myers dismissed the Johnson and Johnsons warning as a Chart Image Source: http://www.dailyfinance.com/charts/johnson-and-johnson/jnj/nys/classic-charts Conclusion Every day, many people enjoy the products and benefits of Johnson and Johnson. The ethical practices of this brand is leading to a strong brand however they should also focus on customers as well as on product development. For this brand baby care market is growing at 8% per annum. Johnson and Johnson is the 2nd largest player in Dabur India Ltd with Kimberly-Clark Corporation in third place. Very strong franchise has been led amongst doctors and patients in the country by the consistent practices over the period of time. The cases like waiting 3 months for a heart surgery to use a newly introduced stent by Johnson and Johnson as this can be concluded that it is one of the most trustable brand and equity that the people are enjoying today in India. It can also be concluded by the above research that it helps in understanding the consumers, doctors and medical professionals about its products and its great importance in the market. JJ makes investments to educate and train doctors and nurses. These types of initiatives resulted in augmenting the brand image of Johnson and Johnson. I have also concluded for this brand that research and develop a brand through supply teams and partnership

Drama Queens Present :: Television Entertainment Media Papers

Drama Queens Present In the past fifty years, the television-viewing world has experienced drama, romance, and attraction through the eyes of soap opera writers, creators, producers, and actors. Soap operas, also known as daytime dramas have been around and the talk of the town for more than half a decade. It all started in radio in the earlier part of the 1900s, then the excitement moved to television. The first television soap opera was â€Å"Guiding Light† and it began airing on radio stations in the 1930s. In 1956, it crossed over to television. The CBS radio station knew it had a hit on hits hands and decided to take a chance on television success (Jameson 35). Listeners accepted the trends, and soon more and more soap operas made their debut on television. Soap operas were better known from the beginning to be for stay at home moms, who cooked and cleaned all day. Their name, â€Å"soap opera† came from the origins of the sponsors that created the shows. In the beginning, the shows were extended advertisements for the soaps that the housewives would use. Once the dramas moved to television, they began to take on a larger audience. Today everything from birth control pills, laundry detergents, and children’s toys are advertised during the soap opera viewing hours (Pagewise, Inc.). Millions of viewers; college students, mothers, fathers, stay at home moms and dads, retirees, teenagers and the elderly are hooked on daytime drama between the hours of twelve and four waiting for their shows to come on. There has been such a change in audience and growth in the viewing since the dawn of soap operas on television: soap operas constitute a very large part of network daytime viewers. From the evil stepmother to the pretty blonde girl, soaps do not change much over the years. Even the latest drama, â€Å"Passions† has some of the same plot elements as the original â€Å"Guiding Light.† Soap operas still use good, evil, sex, scandal, and relationships as basic plot elements. Some good things never change. Daytime dramas will be around for years to come. Mothers pass soap opera stories on to their daughters, and the obsession continues to grow. Today, soap operas have become multimedia events. Many people prerecord their favorite soap operas for later viewing.

Electronic Medical Files: A Threat to Privacy? Essay -- Exploratory Es

Electronic Medical Files: A Threat to Privacy?      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract:   Electronic medical databases and the ability to store medical files in them have made our lives easier in many ways and riskier in others.   The main risk they pose is the safety of our personal data if put on an insecure an insecure medium.   What if someone gets their hands on your information and uses it in ways you don't approve of? Can you stop them?   To keep your information safe and to preserve faith in this invaluable technology, the issue of access must be addressed.   Guidelines are needed to establish who has access and how they may get it.   This is necessary for the security of the information a, to preserve privacy, and to maintain existing benefits.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Imagine a gravely sick person in a hospital bed.   Tubes and wires connect him to whirring machines like medical jumper cables; he lays almost lifeless except for the barely perceptible vitality pumped into them by the system of machines we call life support.   Take a moment to think about the roles that computers play in this scenario.   Now imagine the scene and the patient's condition without computers.   That's easy.   There is nothing: no slow breathing, no whirring of machines, no dripping IV, no beeping heart monitor. Not only would the person probably be dead, but everything from the reclining bed to the nurse call button to the life support system relies on computers.      Computers have totally proliferated the world of medicine.   They are used to monitor vital signs, to operate artificial hearts and to compile and store medical histories.   Though not directly related to our well being, the last use is of utmost importance. Today, the use of medical databases and computer... ...Berkeley National Laboratory's Ethical, Legal, Social Issues in Science Project 2.White House release, Wednesday, December 20, 2000 on www.cdt.org/privacy/medical/001220whitehouse.shtml; posted by the Center for Technology and Democracy 3. www.ama-assn.org/sci-pubs/msjama/articles/vol_285/no_13/jms0404014.htm#ref3; Journal of the American Medical Association. 4.www.techtv.com/cybercrime/privacy/story/0,23008,3320805,00.html; a website with good facts corroborated from other sources 5.   Sara Baase, A Gift of Fire. Published by Prentice Hall, 1997. p 61 6.www.aclu.org/action/medregs/readstories.html; medical privacy anecdotes from newspapers gathered by the A.C.L.U. 7. Personal Communication:   F. Makedon, class discussion, Sept, 2001 8.www.netreach.net/~wmanning/otadig.htm; part of an extensive website dedicated to medical privacy issues

Angel :: essays research papers

TO MY BEST FRIEND Without you, high school would not have been the same. Over the years we have shared so much and built a relationship that is precious and lasting With you I can laugh, I can cry, I can say what’s on my mind or just be silent. With you it’s easy to be me. I remember disagreements....saying things we didnt’ really mean. I also remember that only minutes later we were laughing so hard we cried. Sometimes when life seems difficult...I remember our friendship full of laughter and love. Then I am able to lift my spirits and smile like I know you want me to. The memories we share remind me of how lucky I am to have a best friend like you. People we meet see a little of you in me and a little of me in you. I look at you and my eyes look back, I speak and I hear your voice. We are more than merely acquaintances....it’s as if we are cut from the same fabric. We have a common thread that won’t be broken--by people, or years, or distance. We are never at a loss for words. We can talk for hours about nothing at all or communicate the deepest hurt with a single word. With you, speech is effortless and laughter is contagious. You bring love and light, kindness and caring, cheer and support into my life. We do not always see eye to eye....sometimes we take different roads. Our relationship is not always perfect, but when we have a problem it’s surmountable. Sometimes we are the mirror image of each other and other times we couldn’t be more opposite. But because of you I know myself better. I know that if I pick up the phone you’ll be there. If I need help, you’ll give it to me twofold. If I start to go down the wrong path, you’ll lead me the right way. There’s no end to what you do for me and I want you to kow I’ll do the same for you. Thank you for listening without judging and for giving advice without pushing. Thank you for helping me gain confidence in myself to stand alone--and for letting me know you’ll always be there. The greatest part about being best friends is sharing ourselves. Having our own interests, but always communicating. Striving to meet our own goals, but never losing sight of one another. Living our own lives, but always remaining connected. You and I have so many memories...you share my history. You remember where I’ve been, respect who I’ve become and encourage me

Basic Economic problem of Scarcity Essay

The basic economic problem of scarcity refers to the situation in which finite factor inputs are insufficient to produce goods and services to satisfy infinite human wants. It is incontrovertible and irrefutable that all societies face the basic problem of scarcity due to limited resources and unlimited wants. Scarcity makes it necessary for us to make the most of what we have. In trying to obtain the highest level of satisfaction from available resources, good or rational choices have to be made. The concept of choice applies to all decision-making units. We are continually uncovering new wants and demands. Scarcity implies that not all of society’s goals can be pursued simultaneously, as the many different kinds of resources (production factors) are available only in limited amounts. The various factors of production refer to the inputs used in the production of goods and services. They are divided into four broad categories: land, labour, capital and entrepreneurship. Labour refers to human effort-physical and mental-which is directed to the production of goods and services. Normally the labour force of a country consists of everyone of the working age (14-64), and this form of resource is largely dictated and governed by the demographic distribution within the country (or any other geographical entity), and is therefore restricted by dependency ratio. Land refers to all the productive resources supplied by nature, and various aspects of such a form of resource are limited and exhaustible. Capital is a man-made resource used in the production of goods and services, which includes machines, tools, and buildings. The production capacity of a country therefore, is dependent on the amount of capital the country possesses. Entrepreneurship is a human resource that is separate from labour. An entrepreneur is one that performs the functions of organizing and managing the factors of production, of innovating new products and ways of production and he takes the risks of being in business. Without entrepreneurship, virtually no business organisation can operate. However, such a form of human resource depends on amount of talented people capable of generating innovative ideas. It is generally understood that the self-interested nature of economic agents compels them to make rational decisions and choices to maximise utility and  welfare. The basic assumption of Economics is that all decision-making units make rational choices. Rational choices maximize the well-being of economic agents. Rational choices are made by different decision-making units to maximize different objectives. To obtain the highest level of satisfaction, a rational decision must be made. This decision has to be an optimal one. Assuming rational behaviour on the part of decision-making units, this optimal choice must be the one that chooses the most desirable alternative among the possibilities that the available resources permit. These decision-making units include household, firms and the government. The figure above shows a PPC (production possibility curve). A production possibility curve is a graph that shows the maximum attainable combinations of output that can be produced in an economy within a specific period of time, when all the available resources are fully and efficiently employed, at a given state of technology. The PPC is a economic framework that can be used to illustrate concepts of scarcity, choices and opportunity costs. All the points on the PPC represent productive efficient levels of production. Scarcity is illustrated, therefore, by the unattainable combinations outside the PPC as well as the fact that society has to choose between combinations of the two goods as resources cannot be used to produce all at the same time, and the combinations of goods (such as amount od capital and consumer goods in the case of the PPC above) the economy eventually chooses depends on its priorities). The downward (negative) sloping gradient of the PPC also illustrates the concept of opportunity cost. To choose to have more of one good means having to give up some of the other good, given that the limited resources have been fully and efficiently employed (increased output of one product in turn causes the out put of the other product to fall due to limited resources and scarcity) Economic agents employ several analytical tools to make rational choices. They take into account the opportunity costs and often make decisions based on the marginalist principle. Every time a choice is made, an opportunity cost is incurred. Opportunity cost refers to the real cost in terms of the next best alternative that has to be forgone, and it arises due to the fact that the resources available to meet the unlimited wants are limited so that not all of the wants can be fully satisfied. An economic agent, therefore, has to make a decision based on his current priorities and sacrifice the next best alternative. Economics, as mentioned before, is about making rational/optimal choices. Economic choices are made at the margin. The margin is the edge or border where we must decide whether to take one more step or to produce one more unit of a particular good or whether to use one more unit of a particular resource. Rational decisions are made at the margin involve weighing up marginal costs and marginal benefits. Generally, economic agents are compelled to continue producing a particular type of good until the marginal cost is equals to the marginal benefit (ie the production of one additional unit would mean that the marginal costs would outweigh the benefits). In conclusion, due to the fact that resources are high limited, all societies face the problem of scarcity and hence have to make decisions like a household does. A society has to decide what and how much to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. Firstly, the society must decide what goods it is going to produce (and hence what not to produce). Such choices usually take the form of more of one thing and less of the other (i.e. it needs to choose the composition of total output. Secondly, most goods can be produced by a variety of methods, and a society must decide on the methods of production to be adopted. Thirdly, the total output needs to be distributed among members of the society, and the society therefore needs to consider how it can distribute its goods. Therefore, we can conclusively assert that the basic economic problem of scarcity compels economic agents to make rational decisions (such as choosing the composition of total output) to maximize total profit and to comply with their current priorities.

Legal and regulatory environment that influenced the Internet Essay

The internet is a dynamic field which is a product of several influences, which at times are contradictory. The constitutions of several countries were created before the advent of the internet, the need to create and amend laws and regulations governing the internet have influenced the internet. However, two major issues that have been of legal and regulatory contention are privacy and security; this is because privacy seems to be conversely related with security. The internet has made it possible for detailed personal information to be easily availed and shared, this has however infringed on the personal rights of privacy, according to Frackman, et al. (2002), several acts such as Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act have influenced immensely the internet since firms have to comply with the provisions of the Acts on all the personal information they collect ,and the personal information availed as content in the internet, since availing much information infringes of personal rights . However the issues of electronic commerce, cyber crime, network and state security, intellectual property rights, consumer rights and exchange of credit information have called for sharing of more information on the internet. Laws and regulations, such as Protecting Cyberspace as a National Asset Act of 2010, have called for extensive sharing of personal information on the internet, due to security concerns which in essence contradicts the objective of privacy. The privacy and security legal and regulatory environment have therefore greatly influenced the Internet. Explain how Dell initially used software and the Internet to increase sales and yield cost savings Dell is an international company offering computing services and products. Facing increasing costs in product distribution, the company founded the Integrated Dell Desktop (IDD); this offers simple desktop functionality to sales representatives, who are connected together via the internet. The system offers the clients the possibility of ordering bespoke systems directly from hence eliminating the middle men, therefore saving costs; this has been made possible by the company’s website dell. com and call centres. Dell was able to increase sales due to increased customer satisfaction, as a result of customers having the product of their selection. IDD also saved costs for dell, and improved profit for the company as well as offering competitive strategic advantage since the sales personnel were empowered to get any relevant information , since all the back end systems were integrated. In addition, the company was also to save on personnel costs, costs on offering training to the sales representatives were reduced as well as customers being able to get all the relevant information concerning the products from the website. Moreover, storage costs were reduced since the machines were produced depending on the customers’ customization and shipped to customer. IDD and the internet have therefore contributed to reducing costs and increasing sales at Dell.

Plc Scada Panel

Octopi: Extra at actual to your account Extra at Actual Services: We have not included any site services in our present scope. Any service required at site will be charged (@ RSI. 7000/- man-day. In Iambi & Out of Iambi @ RSI 15,000/- man-day )Travel & Lodging for such visit will be to your account. Service tax will be charged @ 12. 36 % shall be levied. Any change in service tax will be to your account. Warranty: The offered equipment in the scope of supply of this contract shall be under warranty for a period of 12 months from date of dispatch.Validity: Delivery: 20 days from the date mentioned, unless extended by us in writing 3-4 weeks from date of receipt of techno commercial clear POP. Industry Scada Industry Web Studio is a powerful, integrated collection of automation tools that includes all the building blocks required to develop modern Human Machine Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) applications Interfaces that run (HIM),and native on environment. A si mple drag-and-drop, point-and-click development environment lets you mimic the most complex behavior of your live processes. Industry Web Studio is the ideal E-Automation solution in the industry FEATURES Includes over 250 communication drivers Supports OPAC (Build-in OPAC server & client) Supports various PC Control Packages Uses real-time graphical interface to develop industrial automation, instrumentation, and embedded systems Publishes real-time dynamic and animated graphic screens, trends, alarms, reports, and recipes to standard browsers Allows data exchange between wireless and mobile devices Supports multi-dimensional interface in the Web Thin Client environment Create stand-alone and Web applications from he same development environment applications running on Windows NT, 2000, XP, CE, CE .NET, VISTA or on the Web Integrates seamlessly with Windows desktop applications (such as Microsoft Word and Excel); interfaces with other third-party packages such as Java, C, C++, and Visual Basic applications from a common Web Browser (such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape) through the Internet/leant and exchange data with a server using a TCP/IP protocol Provides online configuration, debugging, and remote application management capabilities Provides extensive placement support tools such as codes, Database Spy, and Logging Contains a powerful, flexible tags database with Boolean, Real, String, and Array tags, classes, message register, error codes, event and indirect pointers Provides regulation Advanced math library has more than 100 standard functions Programming is via flexible and easy-to-use scripting language Provides multi-level security for applications, including use over Intranets and Internet.Conforms to industry standards such as Microsoft DNA, OPAC, DE, ODBC, XML, and Active Provides automatic language translation at runtime Allows internationalization using Unicode the tools to configure applications in conformance with the FDA 21 CRY p art 11 Industry Web Studio compliance with US FDA 21 CUFF part 11 Regulation-For food and Beverage Industry Web Studio (IIS) provides application, tools, features and functionality intended to help regulated industries achieve and maintain compliance with 21 CUFF. IIS has sophisticated security features which complemented

Slave Culture- African or American

Despite the abduction of millions of blacks from their homeland, slaves developed a strong familial camaraderie in America, retaining their African traditions as seen through dance, language, clothing and hairstyle. Although kinship ties were usually broken during the slavery process, blacks living on the same plantation created a strong-knit community that took part in festivals that highlighted the vibrant music and dancing of the African culture. Additionally, blacks expressed the individuality and uniqueness of their African tribe through their clothing and distinct hairstyles. The constant influx of black slaves into America guaranteed the survival of the African culture, as more and more generations of slaves replenished the African heritage (Yacavone 570). Although most evidence suggests slave culture was rooted in Africa, slave advocacy in adopting Christianity supports the theory of their assimilation into American culture. In dealing with the hardships of slavery, blacks endeavored in numerous efforts of rebellion and escape to avoid assimilation into the American culture. Nat Turner’s revolt embodied African resistance towards American tradition, as Turner sought to free his fellow slaves from oppression and achieve a sense of equality, as seen through the eyes of God (eblackstudies. org). As a result of enslavement, blacks became united in times of resistance, as their â€Å"ethnic heritage bonded and emboldened them and underlay their New World identity as ‘Africans,’ forged in their common struggle (Rucker 285). Similar to the tightly bonded African extended family, slaves exhibited strong camaraderie during times of escape, as it was common for Africans to leave in bands of six or more people (Couvares 290). Slave participation in communal festivals each year promoted the existence of the lively African culture, as they congregated by the hundreds to perform rituals, sing, and dance. The Pinkster festival featured a mass assembly of blacks that would dance to the â€Å"hollow Sound of a Drum, made of the Trunk of a hollow Tree†¦the grating rattling Noise of Pebles [sic] or Shells in a small Basket† (White 8). Music along with dancing took various shapes and forms as the Jonkonnu festival reflected the African importance of nature, as it was accompanied with â€Å"songs strange, monotonous cadences† (Warren 9). Slaves were also successful in maintaining their African dialects, which â€Å"not only allowed them to endure the collective tragedy of slavery, but to bequeath a notable and enduring heritage to generations to come (Joyner 280). Slaves also exhibited their allegiance to the African culture through their clothing and hairstyle. Hair was regarded as one of the most important parts of the body for Africans as â€Å"elaborate hair designs reflect[ed] tribal affiliation, status, sex, age, [and] occupation† (White 49). In addition, hairstyles conveyed different messages to society and nature, as people of the Yoruba culture braided their hair to send messages to the gods (Wiki). Similarly, African-American women made cloth that incorporated the West African ideals of design, using radiant colors to embody the highly spirited culture (Thompson 170). Although blacks maintained several traditions of their past African culture, many slaves gave up their pagan beliefs and adopted Christianity in order to gain a sense of belonging in the new American culture. Christianity became an Americanizing force on slaves not only because it served an opportunity for them to escape the white encroachment towards their African religion, but it also â€Å"fit into West African ideas about the deities, the universe, and rebirth (Frey 282). Likewise, blacks were so quick to adopt Christianity because it acculturated them into American society with a feeling of equality among their white counterparts (Raboteau 283). Despite many blacks retaining their past cultural traditions, the goal in converting slaves to Christianity was successful as â€Å"slaves turned not to traditional African sources of wisdom and solace but to Christianity for a useful and restorative understanding of daily life† (Couvares 283).

What Is Racism All about Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What Is Racism All about - Essay Example Africans were enslaved and heavily discriminated against during this period. This essay sheds light on the definition of racism and the types of racism. The belief that a specific race is superior to the other in terms of physical appearance, abilities and traits is viewed as racism. The Oxford English Dictionary states that racism is the ‘belief or ideology that members belonging to a certain race have features or certain skills that are specific to a certain race, setting them apart as being superior or inferior to the other race’ (Aarts, Chalker and Weiner 676). This definition is sufficient, however; it does not give a clear definition of what racism generally is. The UN does not give a clear definition of racism however, it defines racial discrimination is defined as: ‘shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction, or preference based on race, color, descent, or national or ethnic origin that has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other fie ld of public life’. (HR-Net Group).

Advanced Construction Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Advanced Construction Law - Essay Example A designer can be held liable for professional negligence in his duty if the design is considered to be poor quality, if he failed to manage the project properly, certifying for defective or unsuitable materials, indulging in the mismanagement of both contractors and the project costs, indulging in health and safety infringement, non-adherence of building regulations, and failing to get the appropriate permission for the project . One another law which deals with health & safety is the Control, of â€Å"Asbestos at Work (CAW) Regulations (2002)†. Some other regulation which is related to Health & Safety are as follows; a) â€Å"noise (Noise at Work Regulations 1989) , eyes (Protection of Eyes Regulation 1974), the use of asbestos (Control of Asbestos at Work Regulations 1987) , the use of Lead (Control of Lead at Work Regulations 1987) , the control of substances hazardous to health ( Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1988) , the control of industrial majo r hazards (the Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazard Regulations 1984) â€Å" .A designer of  Ã‚   a construction project will have multifarious responsibilities and roles. He has the duty follow the Code of Professional Conduct as prescribed by ARB and RIBA. He has the duty to offer the client with concise and clear advice about the design potential, estimated building cost, the necessity to get various statutory consents, likely time scale of project, project programming, and the necessity to appoint the services of the other professional specialists and consultants .Though a professional contractual commitment to his client only applicable to carry out his services with reasonable care and skill.

Data Protection and Future Changes in Healthcare Informatics Research Paper

Data Protection and Future Changes in Healthcare Informatics - Research Paper Example Information Technology has modified the healthcare sector to enhance efficiency, quality and safety. The contribution of information technology in healthcare is relatively low. However, there are indications via surveys that investors are gearing up for increasing their investments. Although, a major barrier for healthcare systems includes the cost and complex implementation that may triggers significant work and cultural modifications. Moreover, the input for healthcare systems consists of Electronic Health Records (EHR). These records represent life history for patient’s health information produced by one or more encounters in any care delivery systems. Moreover, the electronic health facilitates doctors to extract medical life history at a glance, resulting in improved and fast response to medical treatment and medication for the patient. Information technology facilitate healthcare with instant access to rich information related to patients, on the other hand, protection o f these electronic health records is utmost important. Likewise, mismanagement of electronic health records can cause delay in treating a patient who needs urgent medication. Moreover, mismanagement of records can split records with one another resulting in wrong treatment of the patient. Furthermore, one more scenario includes a patient in an intensive care unit, where the doctor cannot find electronic health record due to some system failure. For countering these issues, data protection requirements and standards must be defined. Electronic health Records and Data Protection As discussed, electronic health architecture represents life history of a patient’s medical history. In fact, it is an electronic version of the patient’s medical history and is updated by health care professionals as required. The electronic version also includes, all the primary administrative clinical data, pertinent to that patient’s care under a particular health care professional. In addition, the electronic health record includes demographics, progress notes, issues, vital signs, medications, immunizations, test reports, laboratory data and radiology reports (Overview electronic health records). Moreover, a comprehensive idea related to its architectural requirements is available on ‘www.openehr.org’ stated as â€Å"a set of clinical and technical requirements for a record architecture that supports using, sharing, and exchanging electronic health records across different health sectors, different countries, and different models of healthcare delivery†. The definition represents the flow of these health records across the different geographical locations within the computerized network. As the information flows on the network, there is always a probability related to security and data protection of these health records. Moreover, the program named as Advanced Informatics in Medicine (AIM) highlighted severe safety problems. Furthermore, the group was created for addressing the issues on the basis of Six Safety First Principles for medical informatics. Consequently, the findings were remarkable as previously no issues were highlighted with prime concerns (Lacoste,). For instance, the issues involve giving the wrong treatment to the patients, refuse to give the appropriate treatment, delay the treatment due to insufficient information etc. These issues are of prime concern, as they can result in premature

E-government Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

E-government - Dissertation Example It is worth mentioning that the aspect of e-government represents a dynamic process, constant innovations incorporated within advanced technologies and upgraded development of products along with processes. Consequently, the goal related to e-government depicts management of human as well as public finances and service delivery. Furthermore, it depicts enhancement of quality of the public services by a considerable level. It further takes into concern the climatic condition of investments that entail business-to-government transactional costs as well as lowers legal burdens. There exist four different models that are being used by the governments to create institutional framework in fulfilling the functions related to policy making as well as strategy formulation. Furthermore, implementation of models concerning e-government fosters effective governance as well as coordination by a greater level (Committee of Experts on Public Administration, 2003). Consequently, the four models repr esent policy along with investment coordination, administrative coordination, technical coordination and shared coordination. These models enhance the effectiveness of e-government related activities at large. With this concern, the concerned study will entail the global status as well as the trends being followed in the e- government sector. It will further entail the different models of e-government. The models of the e-government will include USA, Iraq and UK model. In addition, the study will further entail the historical process related to e-government. The study of the current situation prevailing within Kurdistan Region Government (KRG) forms a part of this study. Information related with the infrastructure of the society of KRG has also been included in this particular study. E-government based strategic targets as well as recommendations for KRG with respect to information society also frame a part of this particular study. The vision of the ministry of KRG linked with e-go vernment approach and its implementation forms a part of the concerned study. 2. Global Status and Trends in e-Government E-government represents the government that pursues to optimise the functions by transforming internal as well as external relationship in terms of applying information and communication technology. There exist certain effective driving forces that help in the development of e-government. World-making agenda helps ‘New Public Management’ coalitions in terms of raising the efficiency as well as the effectiveness within public administration. This further helps in saving with respect to personnel cost and thus raises the excellence of the communal services. Politicians, those who are concerned about societal welfare and the urban civilization based organisations consider e-government as an instrument for effectively managing labour market and reducing geographical constraints with respect to the supply of public services (Committee of Experts on Public Administration, 2003). Concerning with the emerging trends in e-government, it is to be stated that a new concept related to marketing as well as politics has been included in the contents of e- government website. Furthermore, it has been revealed that market value is defined in sub-categories. The subcategories

Effective Human Resource Management - Warbings Office Systems Plc Case Study

Effective Human Resource Management - Warbings Office Systems Plc - Case Study Example The essence of having SMART objectives at Warnings Office Systems Plc is important for the success of the business. First, goals and objectives enable the achievement of the company’s mission and vision statements; in this case, they are supposed to ensure that they are stated to reflect the mission and vision statements of the company. By helping employees create their SMART objectives, Warnings Office Systems Plc can easily follow up by motivating these staff. In this case, they can evaluate the effectiveness of these objectives, ensuring that they are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound as expected. These objectives ensure that the employees are always working out their activities according to the requirements of the business, thus achieving success. According to findings from the company, Warnings Office Systems Plc has been suffering from the problem of cohesiveness. It is important to understand that the business environment is always dynamic. This is with respect to the methods of management, development of products and services as well as marketing practices Training of line manager is essential at Warnings Office Systems Plc in order to enhance its success and effectiveness. By training its line managers, the company can equip them with the latest trends in human resource management, marketing, and other important company practices. This training can be done at a place identified, far from the business, or when the resources are not enough, the company can organize an in-house training. Whether done within the business or away, training of line managers is effective if it achieves the stated goals and objectives. For this reason, Warnings Office Systems Plc should ensure that it develops the most effective way of how to conduct such training on a continuous basis.

The topic can be proposed by the writer Assignment - 2

The topic can be proposed by the writer - Assignment Example This is the reason for having proficient computer skills in Microsoft office. Derrick has excellent leadership skills from his ability to handle issues step-by-step; that is, prioritizing urgent and most important issues first. This he has proven from his capacity to balance school and work while ensuring that efficiency is not compromised. His leadership skills surpass his organization skills. For this reason, he acknowledges that job delegation is part of the working environment. He appreciates that everyone should create a suitable working environment to maximize their capabilities. His ability to handle difficult situations is an indication that he can work in a team and has team leadership skills. His knowledge on how to handle difficult situation in the working environment indicates that he can work under minimum supervision while maintaining a high level of discipline and professionalism. Derrick understands how to perfectly perform tasks. He explains that he once surpassed his supervisor’s requirements by adding value to an assignment that involved contacting customers using a spreadsheet. Derrick attributes his diverse skills to his educational background. He acquired an Associate Degree of Business Administration as he was working at a full-time job: Again, an indication of his capacity to balance school and work. He agrees that combining school with work can be a hectic undertaking. However, that does not deter him from doing so. He has proven to apply effective techniques on how to handle pressure. He attests that he is slow to react and ensures that he is calm when prioritizing tasks. This ensures that important tasks are carried out first, and meet the required standards. Such a technique is an indication of his ardent leadership skills. Derrick’s attitude is built around patience, honesty, and humility. Such qualities are what

Race Relationships in US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Race Relationships in US - Essay Example This necessitated former confederates and the southern legislatures to pass laws called black codes, which greatly limited African American rights and segregated them from the whites. In 1877, recontruction was ended when Democratic parties reclaimed control of the south, which was very devastating for blacks since all the gains they had made such as forming political parties, voting rights as well as participation as equal entities were reversed. Thus the south, slowly reinstated laws that were racially discriminating and whose agenda was to segregate as well as disenfranchisement. The Democratic Party started stopping African Americans from voting so as to take away the power African Americans had gained. There were several ways to prevent blacks from voting and they included; poll taxes, literacy tests as well as charging of fees at voting booths. Additionally, in 1883, the civil rights case saw the Supreme Court declare that Congress lacked power to stop private acts of prejudice. The police and legal system supported segregation. Thousands of blacks were murdered by the Ku Klux Klan as well as other terrorists groups such as Knights of White Camellia. Thus prominent black land owners, community leaders as well as politicians. The Jim Crow laws entrenched discrimination. This was a system of customs and laws that imposed racial discrimination and segregation throughout the US, particularly in the south, beginning from the late 19th century to the 1960s.These laws did not particularly mention race, however they were written and applied in a manner that prejudiced African Americans. These laws ensured segregation in stores, libraries, entertainment as well as stores. This really fuelled an atmosphere of racial discrimination and there was a rise in rioting, Ku Klux Klan and lynching. Blacks, mostly in south were discriminated against in housing and jobs and frequently deprived of their constitutional

Kantianism Essay Example for Free

Kantianism Essay The thought of justifying means rather than ends seems to be more ethical in the long run, even if not more productive. As an officer we have trouble in this way of thinking for two reasons. First, we are in a profession in which our ends are what matters. We must produce the results that are needed, when they are needed, or we have failed to perform our duties. This means we have let down those in charge of us, as well as those whom we lead. Second, our means of doing things are also very important. We as officers must be moral in our decisions, for if we aren’t then we also fail to do our jobs. If we go about achieving a good end through bad means then we are no better than our enemies. Maxims are rules of law that we apply in our decision making to be considered rules of the Universe as a way of deciding if our actions are moral or immoral. One example of a maxim would be â€Å"I can use rob a bank or take money from people for financial gain†. When applying Kant’s rules we test it first to see if it can be generalized. This would end up as â€Å"anyone can use force to get what they want. This would not make sense in the long run because if everyone used force to get what they want then the world would be anarchic and full of chaos. Another example of a maxim would be â€Å"I won’t help this drowning person because they probably won’t pay me. † It almost makes sense to do this as doing something for little gain sometimes seems useless. However; if this were to be applied as a general rule then no one would ever get help unless the Samaritan deemed it profitable to them. Both of these show how decision making in Kantianism is the key factor in deciding what to do. There are both good and bad sides to Kantianism. First, as stated previously, we need to do things based on moral reasoning and not just end results. We can’t be officers who can go to the limit of Utilitarianism and allow for things such as an Omelas society. We do need to consider the good of the whole but we must do things that are moral by reason. We need to rationalize why and how we perform so that we can lead the way we’re supposed to. Kantianism is a good means for this and will allow officers to not only have good ends, but a good means of achieving them.

Canadian Politics Essay Example for Free

Canadian Politics Essay Some historical theorists say that the dissimilarities between America and Canada are established in the Revolution of America, a subject that dominated most studies in the history of Canadian. With the creation of the US, the core founders of the US supported republicanism, refusing the Westminster structure of parliamentary democracy. Republicanism that inspired Americans pressured independence, an aversion to corruption, and innovation, counterbalanced by an apparent need for loyalty to public duty. Many Americans in planning a unique American path, freighted, and therefore refusing, a sturdy nation, which is central government. This paper looks into the different ways to which the Canadian political structures differs with those of the US. America and Canada are both governed under constitutions; Canadas constitution is partly conventional and partly written, and that of the US fully codified. The ultimate interpreter of the constitutions of both countries is their own supreme courts. Nevertheless, the High Court of the US has a more stretched history of constitutional implementation than the High Court of Canada. Canada’s Constitution contains of Acts of both the legislature of the UK and the National Assembly of Canada, but because of the Canadas federalism, several Acts of regional parliaments like the lawmaking Assembly of Ontario. The Constitution was altered in 1982, at which the Canadian Charter of Rights, Freedoms and amending formulas were included. The other one basic concept on these differences is the dissimilarity between the US congressional system and the Canadian parliamentary system. More differences occur from the legal/political perception of division of powers and the authority of the head of state. The President of the US is the head of government and head of state, while Canada’s Prime Minister is not head state but only head of government (Charlton, 1998). Another distinction is the Governor General and his or her cabinet ministers- also playing roles as legislators, represent the combination of power in Canada’s system, with the part of the monarch. Ministers of the crown are normally directly elected by their respective electorates known as ridings who advise the monarch or the Vice Governor General on how to practice his Crown authority and as Members of the legislature in the Canadian House of Commons. Even though neither the Governor general nor monarchs are lawfully required to select his or her cabinet Members from the House. This indicates those in charge of executive duties also contribute as legislators in the policy discussions and lawmaking process features of their duties as Members of National Assembly. By contrast, the US president has no official duty as a legislator, but only implementing and enforcing laws passed by Congress. The President of the US contributes in only informal, occasional, gatherings with Senators and Representatives. Only formally, addresses once in a year in the two term of his Presidency the gathered houses of the Congress, the Cabinet, and the Justices of the High Court of the US (James, 2004). The checks and balances in Canada are very opposite from those in the US, it can be debated that within Canada that the Prime Minister has additional authority than the US President. Canadas executive and legislative branch draw from each other, the viceroy hardly uses their powers without the consent of the Prime Minister. This only occurs from situations brought on by constitutional crisis. To ensure the firmness of government, the Governor must always select for his Prime Minister a member who has the biggest group of followers in the Canadian Common House. The Prime Minister must resign or order the General to call for an emergency election or be forced out by the governor general if a big number of the house vote against the government on serious matters of the country. The Prime Minister of a marginalized government is in a much dangerous situation than any United States president, which his presidency term is secured by the law. Often times of cohabitation are also there in the US known as divided government. Happens when different group than the White house directs congress. The President has incomplete control over the members of the House and must regularly make deals for there support. This leads to a stalemate that greatly slows down the law-making process (Charlton, 1998). It is known that the lack of individual identity which characterizes the resulting efficacy of the combined policy activity of the individuals participating in, and influencing the progression of, the US separation-of-powers system in contrast to the personal identity that characterizes the resulting efficacy of the aggregate policy activity of individuals participating in, and influencing the progression of, the Canadian fusion-of-powers system that truly makes this distinction meaningful. An example (putting federalism aside, arguendo) would be the one political actor in Canada responsible for motivating national defense policy decisions for Canada, the Minister of National Defense, contrasted with three(the Secretary of Defense, and the two chairs of the Senate Committee on Armed Services and House Committee on Armed Services) sometimes adverse political actors responsible for the direction of national defense policy Centralization of power in Canada has some benefits and legal responsibility when matched with the United State system. A good line of authority/power showing to whom the government is accountable for any particular duty Unlike the U. S. (James, 2004). There is also the issue of political parties whereby the Canadian House of Commons has seats for four political parties while US has only two political parties in Congress. Both Canada and the US use first post system to elect their representatives. This type of a system can sometimes exaggerate regional interests and disparities, e. g. Dixiecrats and Quebec of the southern. The meltdown of progressive Conservation party and the rise Quebecois party changed the political field in Canada. At the past only two parties dominated federal politics like the US, these parties were the Progressive Conservatives and the liberals, the Liberal held power for most of the 20th century until they were known as Canada’s natural governing party. Different from the US, Canadian third parties have always been able to get Members of parliament elected into the National Assembly since 1921, at times succeeding one of the two main parties as Her Majestys Loyal Opposition or forming casual coalition governments (Paul, 1992), In my opinion there are great differences regarding the way political cultures in Canada and the US. This is clearly shown on how the different political institutions in both countries are being managed and the structure through which these institutions are developed. Therefore, it would be appropriate for one to say that the Canadian political culture is not and has never been Americanized even though there are some aspects of similarity in other government structures References Charlton, Barker (1998). Crosscurrents: Contemporary Political Issues Edition 5. ITP Nelson, Michigan Collins, Richard. (1991). Culture, communication and national identity: The case of Canadian television. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. James Bickerton, Alain Gagnon (2004). Canadian politics. Broadview Press, New York John C. Pierce, Nicholas P,(2000). Political culture and public policy in Canada and the United States: only a border apart? Edwin Mellen Press, Michigan Paul Attallah (1992), Richard Collins and the Debate on Culture and Polity, Canadian Journal of Communication, Vol 17, No 2 Nelson Wiseman (2001) Pathways to Canadian Political Culture consensus, Retrieved on 14th March 2009 from www. ubcpress. ca/books/pdf/chapters/2007/insearchofcanadianpoliticalculture. pdf

Impact of Health and Safety Practices in Healthcare Work

Impact of Health and Safety Practices in Healthcare Work Introduction The cases study focuses on the failings in a private hospital due to the non-compliance of health and safety that led to the death of one staff and seriously injuring another. These failings have led to negative impacts on the employees who were affected, the family members and friends of those who affected and the organisation who failed to comply with the health and safety regulations. The impact of the failings on the employees and their relatives Financial In the case study the first employee was financially affected by the failings of the organisation to comply with health and safety regulations. The first employee to be injured by the faulty equipment suffered from third degree burns to their arms. Third degree burns are the most severe burns, which require treatment. (Getty Doyle and George Doyle, 2014) Depending on how badly the burns have affected the function of their arms, the employee will suffer further loss if they have to retire from their job. This will prevent them from bringing in income to support their responsabilities such as family; pay for addition treatment that they may also require in future. It must also be taken into consideration that this employee may never find employment again. If this is the case the individual will either have to depend on their support network or look for other sources of income such as benefits (GOV, 2015). This will also place the family members and relatives of the employee under press ure, having to take on some of the financial responsabilities of the employee not working and having to support them when they may already have their own needs and responsabilities to take care of. Likewise, the second employee to suffer from the non-compliance of health and safety lost their life due to the severity of the incident. This will place a burden and great strain on the family members of the employee. They will have to spend money paying for funeral costs, debts left behind from the person and taking responsibility for any other costs left behind (Cordon et al, 2008). Moral During and after the incident experienced by the first employee, they suffered from pain and will go through trauma of their experience (Osullivan, 2012). Despite the employee reporting the incident it was not taking into consideration that the equipment was unfit to use and the staff member themself was blamed for mishandling the equipment. This in it self was unacceptable as the worker had already suffered without feeling like the incident was their fault. The second employee has lost their life which can not be fixed or replaced, due to the failing of the organisation and the incident that took place could have been prevented had the correct health and safety measures been implemented and practiced. The purpose of health and social care is to prolong life and delay death (McDermid and Bagshaw, 2009) Physical and health implications The first employee to suffer from the non-compliance of health and safety by the hospital, experienced pain and trauma. The physical effects of the incident can also lead to depression and loss in self-confidence due to the change in his appearance. As mentioned, third degree burns are the most severe burns and from this the employees nerves are damaged affecting the way they are able to carry out activities (Getty Doyle and George Doyle, 2014). The health implication to the second worker was that they did not survive the incident, as so therefore that was the end result on their health. The organisation Financial After investigation from the Health and Safety Executives (HSE) and police, it was found that the responsibility of the failings would fall onto the hospital because of the negligence, having no adequate maintenance of equipment and staffs were not trained to a satisfactory level to use the machine. The private hospital will suffer financial loss and have the financial responsibility for the workers who suffered. If the employee who suffered from the third degree burn was to have financial costs to pay for their treatment and any after effects such as depression, it will become the responsibility of the organisation, as it is their fault that this employee sustained those injuries. All organisations have employers liability insurance which will cover these costs, if the organisation failed to have this then they would be breaching the law BBC, 2000) After the imprisonment of the managing director and around one hundred members of staff involved in the incident, the private hospital will lose out on production costs. The organisation will also have to make it a priority to recruit new staff; pay for training and change the way health and safety is implemented and monitored in the organisation. As well as this financial implication the hospitals reputation will also be put on the line due to their negligence, preventing the registration of new clients and also putting off potential staff. Legal Due to the incident being the fault of the hospital, they will be required to pay compensation to the employee who suffered third degree burns. The compensation can be to cover the cost of loss of income and pain caused by the injury (Morris, 2013).   Compensation will also be paid to the family members of the worker who lost their life. This is because of the financial costs they will have and to help support any dependents of the worker. Due to the outcome of the investigation the managing director of the private hospital and almost one hundred members of staff at that hospital were given a sentence of twelve months in prison. This is a form of legal prosecution for their failings and lack of responsibility. Moral When the first incident took place the worker reported it to the hospital. They passed it off as being the workers fault and kept the faulty machine in used for staff, which led to the death of the second worker. Had the organisation followed policies and procedures to monitor equipment and acted on the first incident, the death of the second worker could have been prevented. This shows a lack of care, respect ad consideration for their staff. Conclusion It can be seen how the impact of non-compliance with health and safety measures, policies, procedures and regulations has led to implications on the workers and their family members. Had the hospital followed the health and safety measures, the death of the worker could have been prevented and it could have also prevented all the loss the hospital had to incur due to negligence by a large amount of their staff. 3.2 Analyse the effectiveness of health and safety policies and practices in the workplace in promoting a positive, healthy and safe culture Introduction In my previous employment working as a Support Assistant, there were different policies and practices used to promote a positive health and safety culture. This was achieved through communication, training, providing staff with feedback and reporting health and safety concerns to management. Systems for communicating information and consulting with staff The first practice was to share information on health and safety through different methods of communication. Those methods include appraisals, newsletters, meetings, emails and posters. From my experience I found meetings to be one of the most effective methods used by managers and high level professionals of the organisation to communicate and consult staff. This is due to meetings allowing all levels of staff to make contributions and share their own experiences on health and safety. It also gives professionals the opportunity to communicate and interact directly, minimising the chances of barriers to communicating important information. During each meeting minutes were used to keep records of who attended meetings, what was discussed, what contributions were made and what actions were to be taken on health and safety. This promoted positive health and safety Despite meetings being a way to promote positive health and safety culture in my organisation, some staff failed to make positive contributions and did not achieve the actions that were noted in the minutes. This would often set back the team. For instance, we found that a number of customers who used the service were high risk and staff such as myself bought this up during the team meeting and came up with the solution to make a record of these customers so that we can have the right health and safety measure when they used the service. However, some staff did not take the time to identify the staff, putting others staff and customers at risk. Systems for reporting concerns and addressing feedback Other practices and policies for promoting a positive health and safety culture in the organisation I worked for are systems for reporting health and safety concerns and management addressing feedback from staff. My organisation used meetings and staff surveys. During the team meetings, managers would give feedback to staff about their concerns about health and safety and also took into account the proposals made to staff about methods of improving health and safety in the organisation. Like previously mentioned meetings was an effective system used as what was discussed was recorded as evidence as well as having the whole team present to ensure that everyone was aware. Myself and other staff also had the opportunity to speak directly with managers about our concerns and what the correct procedures were on dealing with health and safety concerns. Although, it was difficult to discuss with one of the managers, this way also meant that the discussion was not recorded and on some occasi ons that manager was not very supportive or active in given staff feedback. Surveys were also provided by other levels of the organisation, which gathered information from every member of staff in the organisation, once the surveys were complete the two-team managers, and the senior manager would give feedback during the team meeting. Training in health and safety Training is another system that was used to promote positive health and safety culture in my organisation. There were multiple forms of training such as distant learning training online and attending training days at a training centre. On my first day of employment I had induction training which introduced me to the organisational structure; fire evacuation plans and fire exit locations; health and safety kit location and the appointed first aider and was given the files introducing me to the customers I would be responsible for. I was given access to an online portal containing the policies and procedures of the organisation such as lone working and Data Protection Act 1998. I had to undergo further training on specific health and safety needs of the customers such as Managing Aggression and Domestic abuse. The training that staff received by the organisation promoted positive health and safety culture as it managers supported staff in selecting their training so that it was focused on the needs of the customers they were providing services for, preventing them from being overloaded with irrelevant information and so that their time was allocated accordingly. Staffs were also required to give feedback at the end of each training session to make contributions to the way that training was provided and if they felt that any changes could be made to improve the training. Conclusion Despite meetings being an effective practice to promote a positive health and safety culture in my organisation, it can be seen that the contribution of staff plays an important role in how positive the health and safety culture is. I also felt that during my experience the way managers and senior professionals in the organisation dealt with addressing feedback from staff was not very effective, despite it increasing staff awareness on health and safety and also increasing their contributions on managing health and safety in the organisation. 3.3 Evaluate  own  contributions  to  placing  the  health  and  safety  needs  of  individuals  at  the  centre  of  practice. Introduction During my experience working as a Support Assistant, I worked with vulnerable customers in the community that needed support for Money; Benefits, debts and rent arrears; Health emotional, physical, substance misuse, sexual; Employment and education; Housing; Loneliness and isolation. (GOV, 2015) In the organisation I worked for it was imperative to place the health and safety needs of the individuals who used the service at the centre of practice. My responsibilities as a Support Assistant that placed the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice My main responsibilities as a Support Assistant in relation to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, was to work in partnership with other services to provide support to the customers in order to support them in maintaining their accommodation, support them to find accommodation and live independently at home and in the community. I was good at complying with my responsibilities as I actively worked well in multi-agency and multi disciplinary teams, using effective communication, respecting different knowledge, skills and expertise as well as making positive contributions to team work. I executed my responsibilities well always making the individuals the focus of my care and ensuring that through all support provided was for their needs. There were multiple aspects that made it difficult to place the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, one of those aspects being shortage of staff. During my employment there were periods of high staff turnaround, due to problems with management. This meant that I would have to take on more cases of customers and having to manage a high workload of complex cases. I was still expected to manage my time effectively and work within the same time frames, which I found difficult. I also feel that this limited my ability to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. My training as a Support Assistant to place  the  health  and  safety  needs  of  individuals  at  the  centre  of  practice On starting my employment I was given an induction training on the organisation as a requirement under the Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA) 1974. (GOV. 2012) Some of the training that I received based on the health and safety need of individuals were on The Data Protection Act 1998 which also incorporates confidentiality; Lone working policy and procedures; Fire; Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults (SOVA); Violence and Aggression policy and procedures; Carrying out risk assessments; Gifts and Gratuities policy and procedures; The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013. During my employment as a Support Worker I attended the training that was chosen by my team manager, to meet the health and safety needs of the individuals using the organisation. Throughout my employment I used my knowledge from training to deal with practical situations. This allowed me to put the needs of individuals at the centre of practice. However, a limited amount of the training required for placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was not available to me as a support worker. Despite this I was able to use my previous experience in health and social care to manage health and safety in order to place the needs of individuals at the centre of practice. For instance, part of my responsibility to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was to partner up with Support Workers to attend home assessments of the customers. These home assessments involved carrying out risk assessments, asking the customers questions and actively listening to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Risk assessments were used to identify the needs of the customers, which through my work I would help to support through working in partnership and with other agencies. Despite training allowing me to contribute towards placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, I found that it was not always effective in every situation. Although training is a form of preparation for health and safety measures, real life situations vary and I had to be able to gain experience in dealing with health and safety through my practical work. My interactions as a Support Assistant with individuals, groups and agencies As a Support Assistant I was required to work with individuals, groups and agencies. I interacted with individuals (customers) in accordance with the organisation policies I used the person centred approach of promoting individuals right to make choices and informed decisions in order to place their health and safety needs at the centre of practice. In order to achieve this I used effective communication skills of listen, being empathetic, clarity, feedback and using appropriate communication methods for the individuals needs (Doyle, 2016). As well as using effective communication I worked in the community to meet individuals at their homes for those with physical and mental needs and upon the request of customers. However, on some occasions my interactions with some of the individuals could have been better. For instance, during an interaction with a customer who wanted permanent housing he became aggressive because he was not getting what he wanted from the service being provided. The customer did not feel that his individuals needs were being met by the service. However, he failed to understand that there was a registration process that was required to gather his information including a risk assessment and needs assessment to be able to meet his needs. During this interaction I feel that I could have been assertive, which would have allowed me to minimise his aggression and interactive with him more effectively to place his health and safety needs at the centre of practice. My interactions as part of a group were one of my strengths that allowed me to make a positive contribution towards placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. The team had a good relationship, which allowed continuous interactions through meetings, group discussions and general discussions on how to promote the health and safety of individuals. During group interactions I was able to contribute my ideas, experiences and knowledge which was always taken into consideration and also interacted with the group to gain information and knowledge and skills that would help me to making more and improved contributions to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. As effective as my interactions were, the interactions with agencies were not always very effective and made it difficult to place the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. As mentioned, part of my responsibilities were to work in partnership with other services and agencies, so good interaction was crucial. However, for interactions to be effective and beneficial it requires the cooperation and participation of both parties. From my experience I put full effort into interacting with other agencies, using different methods of communication to interact with the agencies if for any reason they were not available. This included sending emails using Information Communication Technology (ICT), writing letters, making telephone calls and attending the organisation directly. I exhausted all efforts especially when the health and safety needs of the individuals were high. On many occasions the organisations did not interact with me. This was often for many reasons such as having other priorities, having other workloads apart from working with the individuals from my organisation and some agencies were just uncooperative for their own needs. Poor and ineffective interaction meant that the health and safety needs of individuals were not always put at the centre of practice despite my contributions. Conclusion I believe that the contributions I made to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was done to the best of my ability and for me this was a priority due to the vulnerability of the customers who used the services. This was achieved by encouraging customer involvement; using my training to manage health and safety; complying and following organisational practices and using my communication skills to interact with individuals, groups and agencies. I found that despite the contributions I made to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice there were factors that limited my contributions and made it difficult to effectively achieve such as bad partnership relationships, some interactions being limited due to poor partnership working and some training not being accessible. References BBC. 2000. Personal injuries: How they pay. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/687987.stm (Accessed 7 March 2017) Cordem et al. 2008. Financial Implications of Death of a Partner. Available at: https://www.york.ac.uk/inst/spru/research/pdf/Bereavement.pdf (Accessed 7 March 2017) Doyle, A. 2016. Top 10 Communication Skills for Workplace Success. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/communication-skills-list-2063779 (Accessed 28 February 2017) Doyle G and Doyle G. 2014. Burns: information on first, second and third degree burns and how to treat them. Available at: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/conditions/accidents-and-first-aid/a5366/burns/ (Accessed 7 March 2017) GOV. 2012. Health and safety training. Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg345.pdf (Accessed 28 February 2017) GOV. 2015. Key Support. Available at: http://www.haringey.gov.uk/housing/housing-related-support-supporting-people/housing-related-support-services-and-charges/key-support#problems_and_issues (Accessed 28 February 2017) GOV. 2015. Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefits: technical guidance. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefits-technical-guidance/industrial-injuries-disablement-)enefits-technical-guidance (Accessed 7 March 2017) McDermid R and Bagshaw S. 2009. Prolonging life and delaying death: The role of physicians in the context of limited intensive care resources. Available at: https://peh-med.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1747-5341-4-3 (Accessed 7 March 2017) Morris, I. 2013. Your rights after an injury at work and how to claim compensation. Available at: https://dircect2compensation.co.uk/articles/work-accidents/your-rights-after-an-injury-at-work (Accessed 7 March 2017) Nickle, B. 2013. The Train Drain: Why training may not be the solution. Available at: http://www.leanhealthcareexchange.com/?p=3154 (Accessed 28 February 2017) OSullivan, T. 2012. Workplace Trauma Can Trigger PTSD. Available at: http://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/june-2012/workplace-trauma-can-trigger-ptsd/ (Accessed 7 March 2017)